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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2002;21:733-740
© 2002 Elsevier Science NL

Short-term and 5-year outcome after primary isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery: results of risk stratification in a bilocation center

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Rotterdam Dijkzigt, Thoraxcenter, Location 5 Midden Room H539, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Received 19 October 2001; received in revised form 9 January 2002; accepted 15 January 2002.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +31-10-463-3933; fax: +31-10-408-9484
e-mail: vandomburg{at}thch.azr.nl

Objective: We retrospectively investigated the short and mid-term outcome of non-emergent primary isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in relation to risk stratification in the fully equipped university location (FE) and the low volume, limited facility location (LVLF) of our department. Methods: Between September 1995 and December 1996, 832 patients were referred to our department to undergo a primary isolated CABG operation. The surgical team selected 482 patients (58%) as being at low-risk. These were treated in the LVLF hospital. The other 350 patients with mixed-risk were treated in the FE hospital. The selection consisted primarily of exclusion of patients with moderate or poor left ventricular function, severe COPD or renal impairment, from surgery in the LVLF location. Finally, the prognostic value of the EuroSCORE and the Parsonnet score was tested on our patient population. Results: Overall in-hospital mortality was 1.6% (13 patients). One patient died in the LVLF group (0.2%) and 12 patients (3.4%) in the FE group. LVLF patients experienced less complications during the hospital period compared to the FE patients (5 versus 21%; P=0.0001). The Parsonnet risk model and the EuroSCORE risk model showed both a good relation with in-hospital mortality. After discharge, an increased risk of late mortality was observed up to 1 year postoperative in the FE group compared to the LVLF group (2.7 versus 0.5%; P=0.01). Risk factors for 5-year mortality were pre-operative renal impairment (blood creatinine >150 µmol/l) (hazard ratio (HR): 2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4–5.5), diabetes (HR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3–3.5), impaired LVEF (HR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–3.0), COPD (HR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1–3.5) and older age (HR: 1.07 per year; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10). Lipid-lowering therapy was a predictor of lower mortality at 5-years (HR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4–0.9). Conclusion: By careful decision making, selection of low-risk patients for a low volume and limited facility location resulted in excellent in-hospital survival with very low complication rates.

Key Words: Coronary artery bypass graft • Hospital mortality • Risk assessment • Prognosis

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